Mesothelioma is a devastating form of cancer that primarily affects the mesothelium, the protective lining covering many internal organs. For those exposed to asbestos, this cancer can develop in several key areas of the body:
Types of Mesothelioma
1. Pleural Mesothelioma (Around the Lungs)
- Occurrence: 80-90%% of cases
- Symptoms: Pain, fatigue, coughing, and breathing difficulties
- Development: Cancer originates around the lungs, often spreading to other areas.
2. Peritoneal Mesothelioma (In the Abdominal Cavity)
- Occurrence: 10-15% of cases
- Symptoms: Abdominal pain, swelling, and nausea
- Development: Cancer starts in the abdominal lining, presenting different symptoms than pleural mesothelioma.
3. Pericardial Mesothelioma (Around the Heart)
- Occurrence: Rare
- Symptoms: Chest pain, breathing difficulties
- Development: Cancer forms around the heart, affecting its function and presenting unique challenges.
4. Mesothelioma of the Tunica Vaginalis (Around the Testicles)
- Occurrence: Very rare
- Symptoms: Lumps or abnormalities in the testicles
- Development: Cancer affects the lining of the testicles, often detected through physical examination.
Understanding where mesothelioma develops is crucial, especially for those with a history of asbestos exposure. If diagnosed early, treatment options and quality of life can be significantly improved.
Mesothelioma Cell Types
The cellular composition of a mesothelioma tumor influences its treatment response and progression rate, regardless of the tumor's location.
There are three primary mesothelioma cell types:
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Epithelial Cells: Characterized by a distinct egg shape, these cells tend to adhere to each other, which helps to slow the spread of the cancer. However, they also divide rapidly, contributing to tumor growth. Epithelial cells are the most prevalent in pleural mesothelioma, accounting for about 50 to 70% of malignant mesothelioma cases.
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Sarcomatoid Cells: These cells are elongated and spindle-shaped, making them the most aggressive mesothelioma cell type. Unlike epithelial cells, sarcomatoid cells do not clump together, allowing them to spread more quickly.
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Biphasic Cells: This type is a combination of both epithelial and sarcomatoid cells.
While there is no definitive cure for mesothelioma, advancements in treatment and early detection can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Legal options are also available for those affected by asbestos exposure, providing avenues for seeking compensation to cover medical expenses and support families affected by this disease.